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东方四神玉璧一一最大的一件战国时期高古玉璧璧王

2018-06-20 11:20:04 来源：

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玉璧是一种中央有穿孔的扁平状圆形玉器，为我国传统的玉礼器之一，也是“六瑞”之一。《尔雅·释器》载：“肉（器体）倍好（穿孔）谓之璧，好倍肉谓之瑗，肉好若一谓之环。”根据中央孔径的大小把这种片状圆形玉器分为玉璧、玉瑗、玉环3种。

玉璧的用途，按古文献记载和后人推测，一为祭器，用作祭天、祭神、祭山、祭海、祭河、祭星等。二为礼器，用作礼天或作为身份的标志（《周礼春官宗伯·典瑞》所云："子执毅璧，男执蒲璧"之类）。三为佩饰。四作珐码用的衡。五作辟邪和防腐用。

Yuxi is a kind of flat round jade with perforation in the center, which is one of the traditional jade rituals in our country and is also one of “Liu Rui”. "Ya-Ya Release Device" contains: "The meat (body) is good (perforation) is said to be the best, the good times are the meat, and the meat is good if it is called the ring." According to the size of the central aperture Round jade is divided into three kinds of jade, jade, jade ring.

The use of Yuxi is based on ancient records and later speculations that one is a ritual apparatus for worshiping the heavens, offering sacrifices to gods, offering sacrifices to the mountains, offering sacrifices to the sea, worshiping rivers, and offering sacrifices to the stars. The second is a ritual vessel, used as a symbol of ritual or identity ("Zhou Lichun Zongbo Dianrui" by the cloud: "Zi Zhi Yi Yi, male executive Pu Ying" and the like). Three for accessories. Four weights used for the balance. Five for evil and antiseptic use.

玉璧，新石器时代良渚文化，外径22.1cm，内径4.2cm，厚1cm。

商周时期为玉璧的发展时期，为贵族专用礼器。这时期的玉璧尺寸小于新石器时代，均为圆形，壁面平滑，内外缘厚度相当，外缘边棱为圆角，两面对钻打的孔一般都很规整。商代玉璧多素面无纹；西周大壁无纹，小壁则有雕琢精美的纹饰，题材主要是龙、凤、鸟纹。常用一宽阴线与一细阴线相结合的手法刻出壁面纹饰，宽阴线斜挖成一面坡形状，纹饰弧线较多，线条自然流畅，动造型柔美，所用玉材多为新疆青、碧、白玉及南阳玉、岫岩玉。

Yuchao, Liangzhu Culture in the Neolithic Age, with an outer diameter of 22.1cm, an inner diameter of 4.2cm, and a thickness of 1cm.

The Shang and Zhou dynasty was the development period of the jade gong and was used as a special priest for the nobility. In this period, the size of the jadeite was smaller than that of the Neolithic Age. All of them were round, with smooth walls. The thickness of the inner and outer edges was quite similar, and the edges of the outer edges were rounded. The holes drilled on both sides were generally regular. In the Shang Dynasty, there was no grain on the surface of the jade peony, there was no grain in the western wall, and the small wall was finely ornamented. The subjects were mainly dragons, phoenixes and birds. A wide Yin line and a thin Yin line are commonly used to engrave the wall decoration. The wide Yin line is digging into a slope shape, with more decorative arcs, natural and smooth lines, and dynamic modeling. The jade materials used are mostly Xinjiang blue and green. Baiyu and Nanyang jade, Xiuyan jade.

玉谷纹璧，战国，直径13.4cm，孔径4.6cm，厚0.2cm

汉代玉璧沿袭了战国的风格而又略有变化。玉质仍以白、青、碧玉为主，但壁的形体加大，有的直径达30直至50厘米以上。透雕的龙、凤、鸟纹较多。壁上的谷纹，蒲纹颗粒大而稀疏，起凸浅，谷粒上部浑圆。玉璧边缘加宽，立缘剖面呈方形，明显不同于战国时的三角形立缘。同时组合纹饰更为流行，有的还饰以吉祥文字。到了东汉，壁体加厚，外缘立面略有弧度，但数量减少。

Jade Grain Pattern, Warring States Period, Diameter 13.4cm, Aperture 4.6cm, Thickness 0.2cm

The Han Dynasty jade monk followed the Warring States style and changed slightly. Jade is still dominated by white, green and jasper, but the body of the wall is enlarged, and some have a diameter of 30 to 50 cm or more. There are more dragons, phoenixes and birds in openwork. The grain pattern on the wall is large and sparse. The grain of the grain is shallow and the grain is rounded. The edge of the jadeite is widened and the profile of the edge is square, which is obviously different from the triangular edge of the Warring States. At the same time, the combination motifs are more popular, and some are also decorated with auspicious characters. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the walls were thickened and the outer rim was slightly curved, but the number was reduced.

元云纹玉璧，径22cm，孔径3.8cm，厚0.8cm。

元玉璧多仿唐代，小型居多，大壁少，主要供佩戴用。多数只在一面雕纹饰，壁形厚重，谷粒稀疏，排列无规律。壁面雕动物的，动物具有元代工艺的风格特征。元代玉雕刀工粗糙，用刀较深，刀锋常有出廓现象，镂雕也不乏精美之作。

明玉璧数量较多。多选用青、白玉，也有少量碧玉。器体大都比较小，常见凸雕蟠螭纹，也有不少谷纹和云纹。乳钉纹颗粒圆而大，略扁，往往留有管形钻套钻的痕迹。明代玉璧主要为佩戴之用。刻工比较随便、粗犷。

The Yuanyun pattern jade skull, diameter 22cm, aperture 3.8cm, thickness 0.8cm.

Yuan Yuxi was mostly imitation of the Tang Dynasty. It was mostly small, with few walls and was mainly used for wearing. Most of them are carved on one side only, with thick walls, sparse grains, and irregular patterns. Animals with walls carved in animals have the style characteristics of the Yuan Dynasty crafts. In the Yuan Dynasty jade carving knives were rough, the knife was deeper, and the blade often had a profile phenomenon. There was no lack of exquisite work for carving.

There are a large number of jade crickets. More use of green and white jade, there are a small amount of jasper. Most of the body is relatively small, common convex carving patterns, there are a lot of valley patterns and moire. Pinnacle particles are round and large, slightly flat, often leaving traces of tubular drills. The Ming Dynasty jade pipa was mainly used for wearing. Carving is more casual and rough.

玉夔纹大璧，清乾隆，径27cm，孔径4.8cm，厚1.1cm。

清代玉璧小型较多，壁身较厚，穿孔较小，出现了中间带环套的双联壁。玉璧上的纹饰出现了几何纹图案，吉祥图案及人物图案，写实性较强。这一时期无论朝廷、官方、民间，都很流行系壁。乾隆时仿古玉璧逼真，而且十分精美。到了清晚期，玉璧的质料较差，做工粗糙，雕琢没有章法，只求形似，不求工精，工艺水品大大下降。

Jade grain pattern, Qing Qianlong, diameter 27cm, aperture 4.8cm, thickness 1.1cm.

In the Qing Dynasty, there were more small jade crickets, thicker walls, and smaller perforations, and there were double walls in the middle with loops. The pattern on the jade pipa shows geometric pattern, auspicious patterns and character patterns, and it has a strong realistic character. During this period, regardless of the court, the official, and the folk, they were very popular. The Qianlong antiques were realistic and exquisite. In the late Qing Dynasty, Yuxi was poor in material quality, had rough workmanship, and had no way of sculpting. It only sought shape, no workmanship, and drastic decline in process water.

东方四神玉璧外直径：30cm 内直径：6.5cm 重：1690g

这是目前为止发现的最大的一件战国时期高古玉璧璧王。手工雕刻的纹饰是朱雀，玄武，青龙，白虎四神兽。其寓意镇宅辟邪，聚财保平安。在现在市场上难得一见的玉器，其收藏价值和潜在的市场价值是难以估计的。此件藏品将参加本次英国罗斯柴尔德拍卖行新加坡拍卖会，敬请期待。
Oriental Four Gods External diameter: 30cm Inner diameter: 6.5cm Weight: 1690g
请登录：http://qr06.cn/FqD7C0 或者英国罗斯柴尔德拍卖官网了解更多资讯：www.ukRothschild.comThis is the largest one found so far in the Warring States era. The hand-carved decorations are Suzaku, Xuanwu, Qinglong, and White Tiger. It implied that the town house exorcise evil spirits and ensure safety. Jade articles that are rare on the market today are difficult to estimate due to their collection value and potential market value. This collection will take part in this Singapore Rothschild auction auction, so stay tuned.